Steam-meter.



No. 687,477. Patented Nov. 26, lem.

M. GEHRE.

STEAM METER. (Applicatin filed July 13, 1900.)

(No Model.) I

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UNITEn STATES PATENT FFICE.

MAX GEHRE, OF RATH, NEAR DUSSELDORF, GERMANY.

STEAM-METER,

sPEcIFIoATIoN forming part of Lettere Patent Ne. 687,477, dated November 2e, 1901. -Application filed July 13, 1900. Serial No. 23,434. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern'.-

Be it known that I, MAX GEHRE, a `subject of the Duke of Saxe-Anhalt, residing at Rath, nearDusseldorf, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Measuring Quantities of Steam Flowing Through a Pipe; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

In the ordinary apparatuses inserted in steam-pipes for measuring the quantities of steam iiowing therethrough a body is provided which constricts the passage and throttles the steam, while from both sides of said body pipes or passages lead to a fixed cylinder in order to adj ust a piston situated therein,which stands under the counter-pressure of a spring, according to the existing dierence between the pressure in front of and behind the constrictionthat is to say, in front of and behind the piston. In this adjustmentacurve piece is moved in a curve, the ordinates of which represent equivalents for one portion of a formula for calculating the ow of the steam from one vessel into another. By the said curved movement a pencil is similarly lmoved on a paper strip, which travels regularly forward, and said pencil draws a diagram by means of a lever transmission, which by a displacement of its point of rotation may produce a suitable multiplication of the curve recorded. the quantity of steam Withdrawn during the period of time in question. According to the present invention, in addition to the piston, which by means of the pencil records the difference of pressure, there is further provided Y a second piston which, according to the various pressures, serves for indicating or recording by means of a second pencil the value for another portion of the formula which depends on the pressure.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is' This diagram then corresponds to` The part of the casing lying under the pistonA fr, with which the part fy of the pipe is connected, has a connection with the part 0c of the pipe, which gives passage to the steam by means of a small opening e. Through this small opening e the steam fiows with diminishedpressure toward the part y of the pipe and eXertsa pressure from beneath on the piston fr. Simultaneously steam passes through the part a; of the pipeunder the.cover cV of lthe casing and t-he smaller piston w and over the larger piston o. The rod 7" of the piston o" is carried upward through the cover c of the casing, a tightjoint ,being formed by means of a stuiiing-box, and is connected with the lower end of a spring the upper end of which is connected withthe bentover part of a support s, lixed on the cover c. The rodw' of the piston -w also passes through a stuffing-box in the casing-cover c to the outside and is connected above by means of a disk 102 with the upper end of a spring t', which spring at its under end is connected with the bent-over part of a support s', also ixed on the cover c of the casing. The rod r carries a drawing-pen or pencil o and the rod w a pencil z'. Both pencils rest on a strip of paper on a diagram-drum T, which is rotated in the ordinary manner by means of a clockwork, which is not shown. There are formulas according to which the quantities-of steam owing from one vessel into another may be exactly calculated. The basic condition is a knowledge of the steampressure in both vessels. As an example the known formula may be taken here:

in which Gr is the weight of the steam escaping in a second, o is the volume in cubic centimeters per kilogram, F is the area of the steam-escape opening in square meters, P is the higher pressure, (absolute pressure,) and p the pressure of the medium surrounding the discharge-opening. The value 4.20 is only available for a given form of the passage. With an alteration of the form ofthe opening this equivalent also alters. The said opening e serves for obtai ning the necessary diminution of pressure. The piston r forms an adjustable expansion-wall and records on the diagram-paper of the drum T by means of the pencil o the dierence of pressure in front IOO o y the calculation of the quantity ot' steam disof and behind it. On the diagram-papers on i the O line given periods of timefor instance,

stance d2, .O1 atmospheres; 1),.02 atmospheres,l

&c. The piston r thusV shows the dierence of pressure P10 and transmits its movement to the pencil 0,-which draws a diagram, the actual ordinates of which indicate the actual diiference of pressure P p of the steam in front of and behind. the narrow opening c that is to say, above and below the piston. The parts a2 b2 c2 d2, &c., of therordi'nates shall, however, also indicate the equivalents or partial equivalents of the formula for charged corresponding to the actual differences of pressure. The letters 01,2 b2 c2 cl2 inserted .in Fig. 2 are in reality replaced by the corresponding igures. It should be explained that the diagram, Fig. 2, is made up of two separate strips divided along the central horizontal line A B. In obtaining this diagram the two strips are placed on the cylinder with their initial points corresponding with their respective pencils. After the diagrams have been drawn the two strips are shifted to bring their corresponding time intervals into coincidence, as in Fig. 2. It will thus be seen Without further explanation that these iigures alter with the equivalent F of the formula given-that is to say, for different apparatuses with different openings of passage other equivalents must correspondingly be inserted for CL2 b2 c2 cl2.' The other part of the formula given, which depends upon the pressure l P-for instance, `/F corresponding on the `various pressures-will be indicated on a diagram in the same manner by means of the pencil 1I, moved by the piston w, in which diagram then the separate heights of the ordi nates d' b c d', duc., will also be again replaced by corresponding calculated figures or equivalents. It is preferable to allow the two diagrams to` run oif on a paper strip and so arrange the latter that the abscissae which infactor F can be left out of the root, thus enabling the diagram formulary to be chosen equally, as it is only necessary to multiply by F the recordings of the diiferent apparatuses.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, l declare that what I claim is- 1. An apparatus for measuring quantities of steam, having a means for restricting the flow of steam, a piston open uponone side to the higher pressure and upon the other side to the lower pressure,whereby its movements accord with the differences in pressures, and

a piston upon one side to one pressure only.

2. An apparatus for measuring quantities of steam having a reduced passage for the steam, a piston open to the pressures upon both sides of said passage, a second piston open to pressure of'stea'm before its reduction, and means connected with said pistons for re cording their movements.

3. An apparatus for measuring quantities of steam comprising a steam-passage having a rreduced portion, a cylinder having openings communicating with said steam-passage at both sides of said reduced portion, a piston Within said cylinder between said openings, and adapted to move in accordance with the dierences in` pressures upon its opposite sides, a second cylinder having an opening communicating with said steam-passage in front of said reduced portion, and a piston in said cylinder adapted to move in accordance with the pressure of the unrestricted steam.

4. An apparatus for measuring quantities ot' steam comprising a steam-passage having a reduced portion, a cylinder having openings communicating with said steam-passage at both sides of said reduced portion, a piston within said cylinder between said openings, and adapted to move in accordance with the differences in pressures upon its opposite sides, a second cylinder having an opening communicating with said steam-passage in front of said reduced portion, a piston in said cylinder adapted to move in accordance with the pressure of the unrestricted steam, and means connected with said pistons for registering their movements.

5. In a steam-indicator, the arrangement of two cylinders, two pistons fr w each under the action of a spring, and moving in said cylinders, for measuring differences of pressure and equivalents of pressure, a recording-pencil moved by each of said pistons, the one piston w being adapted by its pencil to record the pressure, and the other piston 1* in a similar manner the difference of pressure.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MAX GEI-IRE.

Witnesses:

ICO

l1 aient by X/or dlviding it by Ve; also, the

JOHANNES HEIN, WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

